Like Windows 11, if you right-click the Start menu, you'll see the Power User Menu. The Windows 10 edition you have installed, as well as the system type (64-bit or 32-bit), can all be found listed in the System section of the Control Panel applet. The Windows version number for Windows 10 is 10.0.
File Explorer (E) • • • Search (S) ... Only Windows 11, Windows 10, and Windows 8 have access to the Power User Menu, but third-party programs like WinPlusX can put a menu that looks like it, on your Windows 7 computer. This particular program even lets the menu open with the same WIN+X keyboard shortcut. WinPlusX defaults to having several of the same shortcuts as the ones listed above ...
You should be able to do the following

Note that this dialog box tries to guess what program to use. Sometimes it's very wrong. I had to scroll down, select More Apps, and then scroll down again and click Look for another app on this PC before it gave me a file explorer to look for files.
Use the proper tools for the job:
cmd /c assoc .fob=foobarfile
cmd /c ftype foobarfile=powershell.exe -File `"C:\path\to\your.ps1`" `"%1`"
Note that both and assoc are CMD-builtins, so you need to run them via ftype from PowerShell.cmd /c
For files without extension use this association:
cmd /c assoc .=foobarfile