Summary
Magnetic compasses installed in aircraft are subject to turning errors due to their construction and the forces acting on them during flight. These errors include magnetic deviation caused by instruments in the aircraft, magnetic variation due to the difference between true and magnetic north, magnetic dip caused by the flux lines pointing towards the poles, and acceleration and deceleration errors caused by changes in speed.
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Additionally, pilots must be aware of turning errors, such as the compass briefly indicating a turn in the opposite direction when turning from a northerly heading.
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To avoid these errors, pilots must be aware of their surroundings and the forces acting on the aircraft.
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The floating magnet type of compass not only has all the errors just described but also lends itself to confused reading; It is easy to begin a turn in the…
Magnetic Compass - CFI Notebook
cfinotebook.net
Summary
How They're Made: Magnets in a compass make it align with the magnetic North Pole. In airplanes, your compass is almost always set on top of the dash or hung from the top of the windshield frame, in order to keep it as far away from electrical gear as possible to reduce magnetic deviation (more on this later). Back in the days before kerosene filled the inside of a ...
Magnetic Deviation: Instruments in your airplane cause interference that affects your compass, and that interference is called deviation. Inside the compass, there are compensating magnets to counteract these fields of interference. A compass card is normally attached, showing what error correction to add for different headings, although the changes are normally just ...
Magnetic Variation: Variation is the difference between true north and magnetic north. Isogonic lines are drawn on your sectional charts to show different lines of magnetic variation to help with planning your magnetic heading. To find your magnetic course (in no wind, the heading you see on your compass), you'll either subtract easterly variation or add westerly vari...
Magnetic Dip: Magnetic dip creates the most substantial errors in a compass. As you get closer to the North or South Pole, magnetic flux lines point downwards towards the poles, and your compass magnets dip towards the low side of a turn. When magnetic dip is pronounced, it's difficult to get actual readings. This error isn't much of a problem near the equator, ...
Acceleration and Deceleration Error: Another major problem with magnetic compasses in airplanes is acceleration error. In the Northern Hemisphere, as you accelerate, your compass will show a turn to the North. And as you decelerate, your compass will show a turn to the South. When the speed stabilizes, the compass returns to normal. This error is greatest on East or West headings. So ...
Turning Errors: During a turn from a Northerly heading, the compass briefly indicates a turn in the oppositedirection. As for aircraft turning from a Southerly heading, the compass indicates a turn in the correct direction, but at a faster rate than is actually being turned. How do you remember this one? Use the acronym NOSE: "North-Opposite, South-Exaggerated." N...
If You're A Pilot, This Is What You Need To Know About ... - Boldmethod
boldmethod.com
Summary
There is a mechanical construction in the compass which is the main cause of turning and accelerating errors: The card is mounted in such a way that its center of gravity is lower than the pivot point. And any movement from the aircraft will cause a force to act on that center of gravity thereby moving the compass card.
Understanding Magnetic Compass Errors in Aircraft
experimentalaircraft.info
Summary
A magnetic compass installed in an aircraft is subject to compass turning errors during flight. Pilots must compensate for such errors when using the magnetic compass.
Most of the errors inherent in the heading indications of a magnetic compass are related to the compass' construction.
Aircraft compass turns - Wikipedia
wikipedia.org
The compass turn is carried out at 'rate one' – this is a turn of 360 degrees in two minutes. While turning at rate one, the error between the desired…
Compass use | aviation.govt.nz
aviation.govt.nz
Aviation compass errors can easily confuse a new pilot while flying. Hence, Jason Schappert has created a short video with two acronyms to help pilots remember what type of compass …
Acronyms to help remember aviation compass errors
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